Метрична структура газелей Аміра Хусро Дехлеві

Стаття «Метрична структура газелей Аміра Хусро Дехлеві» присвячена визначенню найуживаніших метричних розмірів, які використовував Хусро Дехлеві – фарсімовний поет Індії XIII ст. – під час написання газелей.В статье освещены основные размеры, используемые Амиром Хусро – персоязычным поэтом Индии XIII в. – для написания газелей.The article is aimed to identify the main ghazal metres used by Amir Khusraw – a Persian speaking Indian poet of XIII century

Трансформационный подход к разработке программных архитектур на основе нечетких графовых моделей

Abstract Novel technologies often face difficulties in market uptake, especially when they differ significantly from already established technologies. In some cases, like personalized medicine, new technologies are composed of a number of parallel emerging technologies – in our case therapeutics and corresponding diagnostics – that are heavily co-dependent and cannot diffuse without each other. Therefore, actors in an innovation system need to engage themselves in complex system building strategies in order to create a more favorable environment for their emerging technologies. The bodies of literature on system building and innovation ecosystems have little overlap so far. In this article, we show how system building in a technological innovation system depends on different framework conditions in creating a market for personalized cancer therapeutics and corresponding companion diagnostics in England — such as technological complementarities, timing strategies and organizational complexity. Using this case we illustrate how notions from the literature on innovation ecosystems can complement the current system building literature

Локальные элиминационные алгоритмы обработки запросов в базах данных

Рассмотрено использование локальных элиминационных алгоритмов (ЛЭА) для обработки запросов в реляционных базах данных. Обсуждаются особенности реализации локального алгоритма, использующего лишь прямую часть.Розглянуто використання локальних елімінаційних алгоритмів (ЛЕА) для обробки запитів в реляційних базах даних. Обговорюються особливості реалізації локального алгоритму, що використовує лише пряму частину.The applying local elimination algorithms (LEA) for processing queries in relational databases is considered. The special features of realization of local algorithm using only a forward part are discussed

Титульні сторінки та зміст

The pharmaceutical industry is increasingly focusing on the development of biological therapeutics. These molecules generally cause no off-target toxicity and are highly species specific. Therefore, non-human primates (NHPs) are often the only relevant species in which to conduct regulatory safety testing to support clinical trials. However, species specificity and immunogenicity may negatively impact the predictive value of these ethically contentious animals and thus limits their value as a test species for drug development. To study what the value has been of 30 years of NHP testing in drug development, we investigated the drug registration files of all therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which were approved in the European Union to date. We analysed 30 mAbs of which 5 were diagnostic agents. As the industry moved towards the development of more human proteins, we observed that the average use of NHPs also increased. 16 registration files described studies in which anti-drug-antibodies caused increased clearance of the therapeutic and potentially confounded the study. Post mortem analysis in repeated-dose toxicity studies rarely revealed new or unexpected findings nor did embryofetal and peri-postnatal developmental toxicity studies. These issues limited the value of NHPs in the safety assessment of new monoclonal antibodies. To reduce the use of less relevant NHP studies in the development of new biological drugs, regulatory demands might be decreased, and manufacturers should be given incentives for successfully evaluating the safety of biological therapeutics using alternative technologies

The Future of Psychopharmacological Enhancements: Expectations and Policies

The hopes and fears expressed in the debate on human enhancement are not always based on a realistic assessment of the expected possibilities. Discussions about extreme scenarios may at times obscure the ethical and policy issues that are relevant today. This paper aims to contribute to an adequate and ethically sound societal response to actual current developments. After a brief outline of the ethical debate concerning neuro-enhancement, it describes the current state of the art in psychopharmacological science and current uses of psychopharmacological enhancement, as well as the prospects for the near future. It then identifies ethical issues regarding psychopharmacological enhancements that require attention from policymakers, both on the professional and on the governmental level. These concern enhancement research, the gradual expansion of medical categories, off-label prescription and responsibility of doctors, and accessibility of enhancers on the Internet. It is concluded that further discussion on the advantages and drawbacks of enhancers on a collective social level is still needed